Soil

Soil is the foundation of every farming system. Healthy, well-managed soils support productive crops and pasture, help build resilience, and underpin farm profitability: a win-win-win situation. Yet many soils are under pressure, from intensive cultivation, erosion, and loss of organic matter, causing widespread degradation.

By building organic matter and protecting soil structure, farms can store more carbon, cycle nutrients efficiently, and sustain productivity and resilience over the long term. In this section of the Toolkit, we explore where soil-related emissions originate and practical steps to protect and enhance this vital resource.